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本试验是在1979—1981年闯进行的,采用不完全双列杂交的方法,以五个普通栽培种为母本(经过六代自交),以五个新型栽培种为父本(经过四代自交)配制25个组合。实生种籽用纸营养钵于温床育苗后移栽到大田获得实生块茎,分别栽于哈尔滨和四川,按七个性状考种分析结果:在哈尔滨普通栽培种中,株高、叶宽、块茎重、平均块茎重的一般配合力均以20005为最高。而叶长以呼130为最高,淀粉含量以呼130为最高。在新型栽培种中,叶宽、块茎重、块茎数、平均块茎重以30115为最高,而株高以30120为最高,叶长以30071为最高,块茎数、淀粉含量以30086为最高。在特殊配合力中,块茎重以20005×30071为最高,块茎数以20058×30086为最高,平均块茎重以20005×30071为最高。在四川短日照条件下,普通栽培种中,株高、叶宽、块茎重、平均块茎重一般配合力均以20005为最高,而叶长以20058为最高,块茎数以呼130为最高,淀粉含量以20032为最高。新型栽培种中,叶宽、块茎数以30115为最高,株高以30120为最高,叶长以30086为最高,块茎重、淀粉含量、平均块茎重以30054为最高。在特殊配合力中,块茎重以20005×30054为最高,块茎数以20001×30054为最高,平均块茎重以20005×30054为最高。由本试验还可看出,普通栽培种与新型栽培种杂交实生F_1与无性F_1各性状是呈显著正相关的,因此今后在做配合力鉴定时,即可利用纸营养钵育苗,采用群体取样的方法即可估计出杂种第一年无性系的配合力。
The experiment was carried out in 1979-1981. The method of incomplete diallel crossing consisted of five ordinary cultivars (after six generations of selfing), five new cultivars as paternal (after four On behalf of self-preparation) 25 combinations. Real seed paper nutrition bowl in the hotbed nursery transplanting to the field to obtain real tubers were planted in Harbin and Sichuan, according to seven traits test species analysis results: in Harbin common cultivars, plant height, leaf width, tuber weight The average combining ability of average tuber weight was 20005. The leaves to call 130 for the highest starch content to call 130 for the highest. In the new cultivars, leaf width, tuber number, tuber number and average tuber weight were 30115, while the height of plant height was 30120, leaf height was 30071, tuber number and starch content were the highest. In the special combining ability, the tuber weight was the highest in 20005 × 30071, the tuber number was the highest in 20058 × 30086, and the average tuber weight was 20005 × 30071. Under the conditions of short daylight in Sichuan, the average combining ability of plant height, leaf width, tuber weight and average tuber weight of common cultivars was highest in 20005, while that in 20058 was the highest in leaf length and highest in calli 130, The content of 20032 is the highest. Among the new cultivars, leaf width and tuber number were the highest in 30115, the highest in plant height was 30120, the highest in leaf length was 30086, the tuber weight, starch content and tuber weight were the highest in 30054. In the special combining ability, the tuber weight was 20005 × 30054, the tuber number was 20001 × 30054, and the average tuber weight was 20005 × 30054. It can also be seen from this experiment that there is a significant positive correlation between F_1 and asexual F_1 traits of common cultivars and new cultivars. Therefore, in the future, Method to estimate the first year of hybrid clones cloning ability.