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无籽西瓜是以四倍体少籽西瓜为母本,以普通二倍体西瓜为父本,经杂交配制而成的杂交1代种子培育所得的果实。无籽西瓜具备普通西瓜所没有的特点:一是食用方便,果实折光糖略有提高;二是具有明显的杂交优势,植株长势较强,抗病性增强,产量提高;三是无籽西瓜生育需较高的温度,耐热性相应提高;四是无籽西瓜生产效益较高。但在生产上,无籽西瓜与普通西瓜相比,种子需经人工破壳才能发芽;幼苗期生长缓慢,后期生长迅速,易徒长;自交不能结实,需配植二倍体西瓜作为授粉品种。1.选种选择适应性广,商品性好的深新1号、郑抗无籽5号、洞庭3号、雪峰无籽304、雪峰花皮无籽等优良品种。同时应选择授粉品种,授粉品种果实性状与无籽西瓜品种应有明显差别。
Seedless watermelon is a tetraploid seedling watermelon as the female parent, an ordinary diploid watermelon as the father, the hybrid prepared from the first generation of hybrid seed breeding fruits. Seedless watermelon with ordinary watermelon does not have the characteristics: First, easy to eat, fruit slightly increased refraction sugar; Second, has obvious advantages of hybrids, plants grow stronger, disease resistance increased yield; Third, seedless watermelon The higher the temperature, the corresponding increase in heat resistance; Fourth, seedless watermelon production of higher efficiency. However, in production, seedless watermelon compared with ordinary watermelon, the seeds need to be broken by artificial broken shell to germinate; Seedling growth slow, late rapid growth, easy to grow long; self-fertility can not be strong, need to plant diploid watermelon as pollinated varieties . 1. Select the wide selection of adaptability, good product of a good new No. 1, Zheng Kang seedless on the 5th, No. 3 Dongting, Xuefeng seedless 304, Xuefeng flower seedless and other fine varieties. At the same time, the pollination varieties should be selected, the fruit characters of pollination varieties should be significantly different from the seedless watermelon varieties.