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An air mass is a large body of air with similar properties all through it. Air masses form when air stays over one area for a period of time and takes on the properties of that area. The most important properties of an air mass are temperature and the amount of water vapor.rnThere are four basic kinds of air masses. They are named for the areas where they form. An air mass over water will have significant moisture in it. Air masses over polar oceans are called maritime polar air. They are wet and cool. Air masses near the equator are called maritime tropical air. They are wet and warm. In desert areas like New Mexico, the air is warm and relatively dry. An air mass over the desert is called continental tropical air. Air over land near the poles is called continental polar air.