抵抗素样分子(resistin like molecule,RELM)家族是一类富含半胱氨酸的分泌蛋白,其结构在进化过程中十分保守,然而其分布却有着较大的种属和组织特异性。目前国内外对该蛋白家族的关注越来越多,该蛋白家族成员在低氧与炎症相关生理病理过程中起到不可忽视的作用,其在血管生长、平滑肌增殖、气道炎症、肠道免疫等方面的作用已有相关研究。本文就RELM家族成员的结构、分布特点、调控方式、下游信号通路和生物学功能,重点对其在人与鼠类的区别与联系以及该家族与低氧和炎症的关系作一综述。 The family of resistin-like molecules (RELM) is a family of secreted cysteine-rich secreted proteins whose structure is very conserved during evolutionary processes but whose distribution is largely species and tissue specific. At present, more and more attention has been paid to the protein family both at home and abroad. The members of the protein family play an important role in the pathophysiology of hypoxia and inflammation. They play important roles in vascular growth, smooth muscle proliferation, airway inflammation and intestinal immunity And other aspects of the role of relevant research. In this paper, the structure, distribution characteristics, regulation and control, downstream signaling pathway and biological functions of RELM family members are reviewed. The differences and associations between human and mouse and the relationship between this family and hypoxia and inflammation are reviewed.