应用显微镜对28例精索静脉曲张不育症患者的精索内静脉（ISV）进行病理组织学观察。结果ISV内膜、内皮细胞变性，平滑肌细胞严重空泡变性，中膜明显增生肥厚，血管增殖并形成多腔血管结构以及瓣膜严重机化，其中多腔血管结构、瓣膜机化更具有特征性。认为ISV瓣膜功能不全、中膜肥厚以及瓣膜严重机化等病理性损害是引起精索静脉曲张的重要原因，如不及时治疗，精索静脉曲张会愈加严重，其影响生育的结果亦将更加突出。 28 cases of varicocele infertility patients with spermatic vein (ISV) were observed by histopathology. RESULTS: Intimal hyperplasia and endothelial cell degeneration in ISV, severe vacuolar degeneration of smooth muscle cells, hyperplastic hypertrophy in media, blood vessel proliferation and formation of multi-lumen vascular structures and severe valve senescence. Among them, multi-vessel vascular structure and valve mechanization were more characteristic. That ISV valve insufficiency, hypertrophy of the media and severe valve mechanization and other pathological damage is an important cause of varicocele, if not treated, varicocele will be more serious, the impact of fertility will also be more prominent results .