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目的：用病例对照研究探讨散发性急性戊型病毒性肝炎可能的危险因素．方法：选择单纯戊肝２０例作为病例组，住院的非肝病患者１１７例作为对照组，然后进行流行病学调查．结果：单因素分析发现“甲型肝炎”接触史（ＯＲ＝１２．６７），不洁饮食史（ＯＲ＝５．４７），注射史（ＯＲ＝７．３４），为戊型肝炎的可能危险因素；Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析表明戊肝仍与“甲型肝炎”患者接触史（ＯＲ＝７．３３），注射史（ＯＲ＝９．１２）和不洁饮食史（ＯＲ＝４．２７）有关．结论：散发性急性戊肝的危险因素，除日常生活接触等非肠道外暴露外，注射等肠道外暴露亦不容忽视．
OBJECTIVE: To explore the possible risk factors of sporadic acute encephalopathy hepatitis by case control study. Methods: Twenty patients with simple hepatitis E were selected as the case group and 117 hospitalized non-liver disease patients as the control group, then the epidemiological investigation was conducted. Results: Univariate analysis showed that the history of hepatitis A exposure (OR = 12.67), unclean diet history (OR = 5.47), and history of injection (OR = 7.34) Logistic regression analysis showed that hepatitis E was still associated with history of hepatitis A (OR = 7.33), history of injection (OR = 9.12) and history of unclean diet (OR = 4.27). CONCLUSION: The risk factors for sporadic acute hepatitis E, besides daily parenteral exposure and other parenteral exposure, should not be neglected.