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发展可用于实际操作的生物多样性指示因子是落实以生物多样性为导向的森林景观规划与管理的关键。然而,很少有研究案例具体量化所选用的生物多样性指示因子与目标生物多样性之间是否存在相互联系。因此,指示因子与森林生物多样性的相互关系其及相互关联程度有必要进行严格地检验与评价。本文基于对大宗文献数据的分析,旨在为我国森林景观规划与管理提出一套具有科学依据的森林生物多样性指示因子名录。具体目的如下:(1)总结并建立指示因子与目标生物多样性之间的相互关系;(2)评估指示因子与目标生物多样性之间具有科学依据的相关性强度;(3)识别若干具有较强科学依据的指示因子,从而为森林资源政策性文件的制定、以生物多样性为导向的森林景观规划与管理提供理论基础。结果表明:(1)在被筛选出的50篇森林生物多样性研究的科技论文中,共识别出10个指示因子组别和54个指示因子个体,其中植被结构、时间与其他结构因子是使用最多的指示因子组别,林龄和郁闭度则是使用最频繁的指示因子个体;(2)有18篇论文研究没有实地检验指示因子和目标生物多样性之间的关系,其中13篇甚至没有提出明确的目标生物多样性;(3)在其余32篇论文中,共识别出89项指示因子与目标生物多样性的相关性,然而仅有3项具有重度相关性、7项具有中度相关性,并且均为结构指示因子在林段尺度下检验的;(4)重度相关性为,a.郁闭度与林下维管束植物多样性呈负相关,b.林下维管束植物物种组成随郁闭度变化而改变,c.垂直层级结构与维管束植物多样性呈正相关。研究结果显示,大部分用于森林生物多样性监测、规划与管理的指示因子都缺少有效性的科学依据,因此验证其有效性应为生物多样性保护的首要措施。最后,本文为生物多样性指示因子在我国森林景观规划与管理中的应用提出了相关建设性意见。
Developing indicators of biodiversity that can be used in practice is key to implementing biodiversity-oriented landscape planning and management. However, few research cases quantify the interlinkages between the selected indicator of biological diversity and the target biological diversity. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly examine and evaluate the relationship between indicator factors and forest biological diversity and their correlation. Based on the analysis of bulk literature data, this paper proposes a set of scientifically based forest biodiversity indicators for the planning and management of forest landscape in China. Specific objectives are as follows: (1) To summarize and establish the interrelationships between indicator factors and target biodiversity; (2) to assess the scientifically based intensity of the correlation between indicator indicators and target biodiversity; (3) Strong scientific basis of the indicator, so as to the formulation of forest resources policy documents, to provide the theoretical basis for biodiversity-oriented planning and management of forest landscape. The results showed that: (1) Among the 50 selected scientific papers on forest biodiversity research, 10 indicator groups and 54 indicator individuals were identified. Vegetation structure, time and other structural factors were used The most indicated indicator groups, stand age and canopy density were the most frequently used indicator individuals. (2) There were 18 papers that did not test the relationship between the indicated indicators and the target biological diversity, of which 13 or even No explicit target biological diversity has been proposed; (3) Of the remaining 32 papers, a total of 89 indicator factors were identified as being related to the target biodiversity, whereas only 3 have a high degree of correlation and 7 have moderate (4) The severe correlations are: a. Canopy density is negatively correlated with the plant diversity of forest vascular plants, b. The number of plant species of forest vascular plants Composition changes with canopy closure, c. Vertical hierarchy and vascular plant diversity are positively correlated. The results show that most of the indicators used for monitoring, planning and management of forest biodiversity lack the scientific basis of validity. Therefore, verifying their effectiveness should be the primary measure for biodiversity conservation. Finally, this paper puts forward some constructive suggestions for the application of biodiversity indicator in forest landscape planning and management in China.