目的了解艾滋病(AIDS)死亡病例的临床特点,以更好地指导临床防治工作。方法对佑安医院2000年1月至2011年12月收治的104例AIDS死亡病例进行回顾性分析。结果 104例AIDS死亡病例中,20~50岁者占83.4%,男性占75.96%,CD+4T淋巴细胞计数平均值为(74±42)个/μL,病毒载量平均值为(55 300±5 610)拷贝/mL,性途径传播占33.5%。常见的并发症有贫血、白色念珠菌感染、结核菌感染、肺孢子菌肺炎(PCP)、病毒性肝炎等。AIDS病人主要直接死因包括PCP、结核菌感染、隐球菌性脑膜炎及严重肝损害等。结论常见的机会性感染及相关并发症是AIDS病人的主要死亡原因,在临床诊疗中应予以重点关注。 Objective To understand the clinical features of AIDS deaths so as to better guide clinical prevention and treatment. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 104 deaths from AIDS patients in You’an Hospital from January 2000 to December 2011. Results Among the 104 cases of AIDS deaths, 83.4% were from 20 to 50 years old and 75.96% were from males. The average CD + 4T lymphocyte count was (74 ± 42) / μL and the average viral load was (55 300 ± 5 610 copies / mL, accounting for 33.5% of sexual transmission. Common complications are anemia, Candida albicans infection, Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), viral hepatitis and so on. The major direct causes of death in AIDS patients include PCP, tuberculosis infection, cryptococcal meningitis and severe liver damage. Conclusions Common opportunistic infections and related complications are the major causes of death in AIDS patients and should be given special attention in clinical diagnosis and treatment.