目的分析敦格铁路甘肃段沿线地区人间鼠疫流行病学特征,为今后有效防控鼠疫积累经验。方法查阅有关历史资料和文献报道,回顾性总结分析甘肃省人间鼠疫病例流行病学特征。结果敦格铁路甘肃段沿线地区人间鼠疫传染源为染疫旱獭和染疫牧羊犬,感染途径主要是人主动剥食和直接接触旱獭,其次为呼吸道传播感染;1956—2014年共发生11起人间鼠疫疫情,感染发病11例,无二代病例发生,死亡9例,治愈2例;腺鼠疫5例、占45.5%,肺鼠疫3例、占27.3%,腺鼠疫继发败血型鼠疫2例、占18.2%,败血型继发肺鼠疫1例、占9.1%;病例均为男性,8例为外来务工人员,3例为当地牧民;死亡者病程最短1 d,最长5 d。结论造成人间鼠疫疫情频发主要是外来进入河西走廊祁连山—阿尔金山喜玛拉雅旱獭疫源地内务工人员主动接触染疫动物而感染鼠疫;目前敦格铁路甘肃段开工建设,进入疫区内易感人群增加,动物间疫情随时可能波及人间,针对目前严峻的防控形式,需采取有效应对措施。 Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of human plague in Gansu along the Dunghuang Railway and to effectively prevent and control the accumulation of plague in the future. Methods To review the historical data and literature reports, and to retrospectively analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human plague cases in Gansu Province. Results The source of human plague in the areas along the Gansu section of Dunghuai Railway was plague and infected sheep, the main routes of infection were human abstinence and direct contact with marmots, followed by respiratory transmission infection. Between 1956 and 2014, 11 human Plague epidemic, infection in 11 cases, no second-generation cases, 9 cases of death, cured 2 cases; 5 cases of bubonic plague, accounting for 45.5%, 3 cases of pneumonic plague, accounting for 27.3%, 2 cases of bubonic plague secondary to bubonic plague, Accounting for 18.2%; 1 case of sepsis secondary to pneumonic plague, accounting for 9.1%; all were male, 8 were migrant workers and 3 were local herdsmen. The shortest course of death was 1 d and the longest was 5 d. Conclusions The plague epidemic in the world mainly caused by the external invasion of Hexi Corridor Qilianshan - Altun Mountains Himalayan Marmot origin of domestic workers active contact with infected animals infected plague; now the Dunge Railway Gansu section of the construction started into the infected area easily Feel the crowd, the outbreak of animal epidemic may spread to the world at any time, in view of the current form of prevention and control of severe, need to take effective countermeasures.