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以柠檬酸和乙醇为原料,在磷酸和苯磺酸混合催化剂作用下,加热回流,酯化生成柠檬酸三乙酯。以油酸与氯化亚砜为原料,通过酰化反应合成油酰氯。再使柠檬酸三乙酯与油酰氯在吡啶作用下,通过酰基化反应合成油酰柠檬酸三乙酯。采用红外光谱法对原料、中间体、产物进行了红外光谱测试,并进行了红外谱图的分析与比较,证明了各步产品为目的产物。根据原料、中间体、产物红外谱图中相应特征吸收峰的消失或是出现,证明了所选择的合成工艺路线是可行的。
Citric acid and ethanol as raw materials, phosphoric acid and benzene sulfonic acid mixed catalyst, heating reflux, esterification to generate triethyl citrate. Using oleic acid and thionyl chloride as raw materials, oleic acid chloride was synthesized by acylation reaction. Triethyl citrate and oleoyl chloride are reacted with pyridine to synthesize oleyl citrate by acylation. Infrared spectroscopy was used to test the raw materials, intermediates and products. The infrared spectrum was analyzed and compared to prove the products of each step. According to the disappearance or appearance of the corresponding characteristic absorption peaks in the raw materials, intermediates and products infrared spectra, it is proved that the selected synthetic route is feasible.