目的　调查多器官功能衰竭综合征 (MODS)的原发病因、病死率及死亡危险因素。方法　回顾性分析 4 13例MODS患者的临床资料。结果　MODS原发病因是重症感染、创伤、重症胰腺炎、休克、心肺复苏后、烧伤、病理产科等。其病死率仍较高 ,4 13例MODS患者 ,病死率为 5 3 5 %。本研究的单因素分析显示 ,合并有慢性疾病者、心电图异常者病死率较高 ;病死率随着受累器官数目的增加而增高 ;与存活组比较 ,死亡组年龄、体温、血糖、血BUN、血肌酐较高 ,血Ph、GCS分值较低。经Logistic回归分析 ,既往健康状况、功能衰竭器官数目、GCS分值是主要死亡危险因素 ,住院时间长是保护性因素。结论　MODS病死率仍较高 ,既往健康状况、功能衰竭器官数目、GCS分值是主要的死亡危险因素 Objective To investigate the primary etiology, mortality and risk factors of death in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Methods The clinical data of 413 MODS patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results The primary causes of MODS were severe infection, trauma, severe pancreatitis, shock, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, burns, pathology and obstetrics. The case fatality rate is still high, 41 cases of MODS patients, the mortality rate was 53.5%. The univariate analysis showed that patients with chronic diseases, abnormal electrocardiogram mortality were higher; the case fatality rate increased with the number of affected organs; compared with the survival group, the death group age, body temperature, blood glucose, blood BUN, High serum creatinine, blood Ph, GCS score lower. Logistic regression analysis showed that the past health status, the number of failing organs and the GCS score were the major risk factors of death, and the length of hospital stay was a protective factor. Conclusions The mortality of MODS is still high. The previous health status, the number of failing organs and the GCS score are the major risk factors of death