目的　观察兔骨髓基质细胞的生长特点及诱导条件下的成骨能力。方法　使用密度梯度离心分离兔骨髓基质细胞进行培养 ,保留贴壁细胞传代 ,观察在培养液中添加地塞米松、维生素C、β 甘油磷酸钠条件下骨髓基质细胞生长及成骨分化情况。结果　骨髓基质细胞呈成纤维细胞样表现 ,增殖能力强。诱导条件下第 2代细胞的碱性磷酸酶活性明显增高 ,10～ 12d达到最高峰 ,并且出现矿化结节。结论　使用本实验方法 ,获得的骨髓基质细胞成骨能力肯定 ,增殖能力强 ,可作为骨组织工程的种子细胞。 Objective To observe the growth characteristics of rabbit bone marrow stromal cells and osteogenic ability under induction. Methods Rabbit bone marrow stromal cells were isolated by density gradient centrifugation, and passage of adherent cells was preserved. The growth and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells under the condition of dexamethasone, vitamin C and β-glycerophosphate were observed. Results Bone marrow stromal cells showed fibroblast-like appearance with strong proliferative ability. Alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly increased in the second generation of cells under inducing conditions, reached its peak at 10 ~ 12 days, and mineralized nodules appeared. Conclusion Using this method, bone marrow stromal cells obtained have certain osteogenic potential and strong proliferative capacity and can be used as seed cells for bone tissue engineering.