同中国画相比,中国油画艺术的历史非常短暂。但自从传入起,油画就在中国展现了旺盛的生命力,并逐渐成为主流绘画门类之一,极大地丰富了中国绘画艺术。总体来考察油画艺术在中国的传播、发展过程,可以看到它同“全球化”背景的形成密不可分。第一次的“西画东渐”的践行者以传教士为主,这可以说是油画在中国的起源。当时,西方殖民的暗流已经开始冲击东方；第二次“西画东渐”以中国的留学生唱主角,留学生们想借外来文化拯救苦难的中国；第三次“西画东渐”始于中国20世纪70年代末的改革开放,当时,外来的经济与文化潮流来势甚猛。20世纪末21世纪初,中国经济继续发展,而此时经济全球化的潮流之强大,也超过历史上任何一个时期。在此背景中,西方的艺术思想继续“东渐”,包括中国油画不可能不受其影响。 Compared with Chinese painting, Chinese oil painting history is very short. However, since its introduction, oil painting has shown its vitality in China and has gradually become one of the mainstream painting categories, greatly enriching Chinese painting art. As a whole, to examine the spread and development of oil painting in China, we can see that it is closely related to the formation of a “globalized” background. The first practitioners of “Western painting eastward” are mainly missionaries, which can be said to be the origin of oil painting in China. At that time, the undercurrent of western colonialism began to impact the east. The second “eastward spread of western painting” took the lead role of Chinese students in foreign exchange and the foreign students wanted to save China from suffering. The third “eastward spread of western painting” began in the 20th century in China At the time of the reform and opening up of the end of the decade, the external economic and cultural trends were fierce. At the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century, China’s economy continued to develop. At this time, the trend of economic globalization was also stronger than any other period in history. In this context, Western artistic ideas continue to “eastward”, including the possibility that Chinese oil painting will not be affected by it.