北宋政治在古代文人政治史上有重要的地位,仁宗朝庆历之际发生了两次著名的诗文干政事件,即蔡襄的《四贤一不肖诗》与石介的《庆历圣德诗》。文人利用文学这一媒介,通过有效的传播手段,既对自己所认同的士人进行热情歌颂,也对当时站在士论对立面的士人进行了严厉审判。但是这样的审判并不总是公正的,“诗文干政”虽然是文人政治文化高度发展和士风张扬的结果,但也可能出现以文人意气代替行政理性,以道德评判代替政治是非的做法,从而成为影响士风丕变、颠覆和谐文人社会的重要因子。 Northern Song Dynasty politics played an important role in the political history of ancient literati. During the Qing dynasty, two well-known poems and dry things happened in Renzong, namely Cai Xiang’s Four Worth and One Unscrupulous Poems and Shi Jie’s Qing Shi Sheng De Shi Poems. Using the medium of literature, the literati used the effective means of communication to both sing praise for their approved scholars and severely judge the scholars who were on the opposite side of scholarship. However, this kind of trial is not always just. Although “political and military intervention in poetry and writing” is the result of the highly developed and ethos of literati politics and culture, it may also appear that literati instead of administrative rationality should be substituted for moral judgment instead of political right and wrong Practices, thus becoming a scholar of change, an important factor in subverting the harmonious literati society.