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目的:对比分析大负荷运动训练与模拟失重对大鼠HPA(下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺)轴的影响及其作用机制。方法:40只雄性SD大鼠随机分为安静对照组、游泳训练组、后肢悬垂(模拟失重模型)组,游泳训练组又分为运动即刻组和运动后恢复24小时组;游泳训练大鼠进行6周递增负荷游泳运动训练,后肢悬垂大鼠在完成腹股沟管环缩手术后1周开始为期6周的尾部悬吊;大鼠断头处死后,取血样检测T(睾酮)与ACTH(促肾上腺皮质激素),分别检测下丘脑CRH(促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素)、垂体ACTH与睾丸组织T水平。结果:游泳训练运动后即刻组大鼠血清ACTH水平显著高于安静对照组(P<0.05),游泳训练运动后即刻组与恢复24小时后以及后肢悬垂组大鼠垂体ACTH水平显著高于安静对照组(P<0.05);游泳训练运动后恢复24小时组大鼠下丘脑CRH水平较安静对照组有所升高,但无统计学意义(P=0.108),后肢悬垂组大鼠下丘脑CRH水平显著高于安静对照组(P<0.05)。结论:大负荷运动训练与模拟失重导致大鼠持续处于应激状态,垂体ACTH与下丘脑CRH显著增加可能会抑制HPG(下丘脑-垂体-性腺)轴有关激素的合成与分泌,这可能是大负荷运动训练与模拟失重导致大鼠血清睾酮水平下降的原因之一。
OBJECTIVE: To comparatively analyze the effects of heavy-duty exercise training and simulated weightlessness on rat hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and its mechanism. Methods: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: quiet control group, swimming training group and hindlimb overhang (simulated weightlessness model) group. Swimming training group was divided into exercise immediate group and 24 hours recovery group after exercise. Swimming training rats 6-week incremental load swimming training, hindlimb overhanging rats in the inguinal canal ring contraction surgery 1 week after the start of a 6-week tail suspension; rats decapitated after death, take blood samples T (testosterone) and ACTH (adrenal gland Corticosteroids) were detected hypothalamus CRH (corticotropin-releasing hormone), pituitary ACTH and testicular tissue T levels. Results: Serum ACTH level in swimming immediately after swim training was significantly higher than that in quiet control (P <0.05). ACTH level in pituitary after swimming training immediately after exercise and after 24 hours and hindlimb overhanging was significantly higher than that in quiet control (P <0.05). CRH levels in the hypothalamus of rats in the 24 h after swimming training recovery were higher than those in the quiet control group (P = 0.108), CRH levels in the hypothalamus of the hind limb draining group Significantly higher than that of the quiet control group (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Large-load exercise training and simulated weightlessness lead to sustained stress in rats. The significant increase of ACTH and hypothalamic CRH in pituitary may inhibit the synthesis and secretion of hormone related to HPG (hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis), which may be large One of the reasons for the decrease of serum testosterone in rats during exercise training and simulated weightlessness.