论文部分内容阅读
硝基呋喃类药物是一类人工合成的广谱抗菌药物,主要包括呋喃唑酮、呋喃妥因、呋喃它酮、呋喃西林等。因其价格相对低廉,曾大量应用于家禽、家畜和水产品动物的细菌性疾病的预防和治疗。原药在动物体内代谢速度快,半衰期短,其代谢物与蛋白组织结合紧密,残留时间长。研究发现原药及代谢物对人体有潜在的致癌致畸等作用,世界各国在动物源性食品生产过程中已全面禁止此类药物的使用,并规定了检测标准,但动物养殖者们违法使用硝基呋喃类药物的现象仍有发生。硝基呋喃类药物的检测方法繁多,主要有色谱分析法、免疫学方法等,各类方法均有其优点与局限性。本文综述了近年来对食品中硝基呋喃类药物及代谢物的残留检测方法,并对硝基呋喃类代谢物残留的检测方法的趋势进行展望。
Nitrofurans are a class of synthetic broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs, including furazolidone, nitrofurantoin, furanketone, nitrofurazone and so on. Due to its relatively low price, it has been widely used in the prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases of poultry, livestock and aquatic animals. The original drug in animals with high metabolic rate, short half-life, the metabolites and protein organization closely, the residual long time. The study found that the original drug and metabolites have potential carcinogenic and teratogenic effects on the human body. Countries in the world have banned the use of such drugs in the production of animal-derived foods and have set the test standards. However, the animal farmers illegally use Nitrofurans drugs still occur. Nitrofurans detection of a wide range of drugs, mainly chromatography, immunological methods, all kinds of methods have their advantages and limitations. In this paper, the methods of detection of residual nitrofurans in food and their metabolites in recent years are reviewed, and the trend of the detection methods for the residues of nitrofurane metabolites is reviewed.