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基于矢量折射定理,研究了透射光束通过双棱镜实现微弧度量级偏转的设计原理,解决了星间激光通信精跟瞄检测的难题。推导了正交双棱镜实现光束偏转的精确公式,提出以水平张角和垂直张角表达光束视场,并说明了单棱镜实现光束偏转的一般情况。根据设计指标和计算结果确定了棱镜的主要参量,进而对光束的偏转结果进行了数值模拟。最后的实验结果与模拟结果基本一致。结果表明:取棱镜棱角α为4°时,棱镜每旋转1′,透射光束变化约1μrad;分别控制双棱镜在其最小偏向角一侧小角度偏转,可以实现光束在水平方向和垂直方向500μrad范围内的精确扫描,装置的扫描精度可以达到0.2μrad。
Based on the vector refraction theorem, the design principle that the transmitted beam is magnified by the micro prism with double prisms is studied, and the problem of precise tracking and aiming detection of the interstellar laser communication is solved. The exact formula of beam deflection by orthogonal biprism is deduced. The horizontal field of view and the vertical angle of view are used to express the field of view of the beam, and the general case of the single prism for beam deflection is presented. The main parameters of the prism are determined according to the design indexes and the calculation results, and the deflection results of the light beam are numerically simulated. The final experimental results and simulation results are basically the same. The results show that when the prism angle α is 4 °, the transmitted beam changes about 1μrad for each 1 ’rotation of the prism. By controlling the prism to be deflected at a small angle on the side of the minimum deflection angle, the beam can be realized in the range of 500μrad in the horizontal and vertical directions Within the precise scan, the device’s scanning accuracy can reach 0.2μrad.