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目的探讨水飞蓟素对大鼠肾间质纤维化的作用及对肾组织核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)和细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)表达的影响。方法72只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、梗阻组、水飞蓟素治疗组(治疗组),每组24只。采用单侧输尿管结扎术建立输尿管梗阻动物模型。治疗组予水飞蓟素30 mg/(kg.d)灌胃,梗阻组和假手术组予9 g/L盐水灌胃。各组分别于实验7、14、21 d各处死大鼠8只,光镜下观察肾组织病理学改变。采用免疫组织化学法检测其肾组织NF-κB和ICAM-1的表达。结果梗阻组大鼠7、14、21 d的肾小管间质病理评分分别为1.168±0.108、1.776±0.064和2.301±0.157,治疗组大鼠7、14、21 d肾小管间质病理评分分别为1.043±0.114、1.677±0.083和2.084±0.201,治疗组肾小管间质评分较梗阻组明显减轻(Pa<0.05)。梗阻组大鼠7、14、21 d肾组织NF-κB和ICAM-1的表达分别为13.27±0.15、14.37±0.07、15.43±0.11和4.26±0.07、5.81±0.05、6.91±0.08,治疗组大鼠7、14、21 d肾组织NF-κB和ICAM-1的表达分别为8.35±0.18、9.39±0.10、10.77±0.10和3.24±0.05、4.25±0.12、5.30±0.11,治疗组肾组织NF-κB和ICAM-1的表达均较梗阻组明显减少(Pa<0.05)。结论水飞蓟素可能是通过下调NF-κB和ICAM-1表达而抑制纤维化的发生,从而起到对大鼠肾脏的保护作用。
Objective To investigate the effect of silymarin on renal interstitial fibrosis in rats and its effect on the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in renal tissue. Methods Seventy-two SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, obstruction group, silymarin treatment group (treatment group), 24 rats in each group. Unilateral ureteral ligation was used to establish an animal model of ureteral obstruction. The treatment group received silymarin 30 mg/(kg.d) by gavage, and the obstruction group and sham group received 9 g/L saline. Eight rats in each group were killed on the 7th, 14th, and 21st day respectively, and the pathological changes of the kidney were observed under light microscope. The expression of NF-κB and ICAM-1 in renal tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The pathological scores of interstitial tubules in the obstructed rats at 7, 14, 21 days were 1.168±0.108, 1.776±0.064 and 2.301±0.157, respectively. The pathological scores of interstitial tubules at 7, 14, and 21 d in the treatment group were At 1.043±0.114, 1.677±0.083, and 2.084±0.201, the tubulointerstitial score was significantly less in the treatment group than in the obstruction group (Pa<0.05). The expressions of NF-κB and ICAM-1 in the kidneys of rats in the obstruction group were 13.27±0.15, 14.37±0.07, 15.43±0.11 and 4.26±0.07, 5.81±0.05, and 6.91±0.08, respectively. The expressions of NF-κB and ICAM-1 in renal tissues of rats on the 7th, 14th and 21st days were 8.35±0.18, 9.39±0.10, 10.77±0.10 and 3.24±0.05, 4.25±0.12 and 5.30±0.11, respectively. The expression of κB and ICAM-1 was significantly lower than that in the obstructed group (Pa<0.05). Conclusion Silymarin may inhibit the occurrence of fibrosis by down-regulating the expression of NF-κB and ICAM-1, which can protect the kidney of rats.