论文部分内容阅读
加重酸一般由酸液与卤化盐类或者浓缩的卤化水(例如:氯化钠、氯化钙、溴化钠、溴化钙或者溴化锌与溴化钙的混合物等)混合制得。盐类或卤水的选择主要考虑加重酸性质和对成本效率的要求。关于酸性物质的腐蚀与缓蚀剂有许多相关信息出版。然而,有关加重酸对管材的腐蚀行为研究,极少有相关信息报道。腐蚀试验数据表明,卤水加重酸体系的腐蚀性与同浓度的淡水制备酸体系(常规酸)的腐蚀性相比要高很多。应用加重酸时,某些符合常规酸的腐蚀缓蚀剂或缓蚀剂组合并不能为常规油田管材提供令人满意的腐蚀保护。因而提出,对加重酸的评估要注意酸的兼容性和效率,保持其浓度与溶解特性。
Acids are usually made by mixing acids with halogenated salts or concentrated halogenated water (eg sodium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium bromide, calcium bromide or a mixture of zinc bromide and calcium bromide). The choice of salts or brines mainly takes into account the nature of the acid and the cost-efficiency requirements. There is a lot of information about acid corrosion and corrosion inhibitors. However, there is very little relevant information on the study of the corrosive behavior of pipe with increased acidity. Corrosion test data show that corrosiveness of brines with increased acidity is much higher than that of freshwater prepared acid systems (conventional acids) at the same concentration. Certain acid-compatible corrosion inhibitors or combinations of corrosion inhibitors do not provide satisfactory corrosion protection for conventional oilfield tubing when using acid additions. It is therefore proposed that the assessment of aggravating acid pay attention to acid compatibility and efficiency, maintaining its concentration and solubility characteristics.