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【目的】明确不同土壤肥力下减氮施肥对垦粳5号品质的影响。【方法】采用二因素完全随机设计,进行3个土壤肥力水平下减氮量的试验研究。【结果】随着土壤肥力升高,减少氮肥投入,有利于加工品质的改善。本试验条件下,高等土壤肥力氮肥投入为174.0 kg/hm2(减氮20%)、中等肥力为195.8 kg/hm2(减氮10%)、低等肥力为217.5 kg/hm2(正常施氮)的糙米率﹑精米率﹑整精米率较好;在中低土壤肥力下适当的增施氮肥可以降低垩白度与垩白粒率;高肥力土壤减氮施肥利于降低垩白粒率和垩白度;不同肥力土壤下减少氮肥,直链淀粉略有增加,蛋白质含量降低明显,从而利于食味评分的提高。【结论】垦粳5号的加工﹑外观﹑营养品质和米饭食味品质在土壤肥力和施氮量间有差异且存在互作效应。高肥力土壤减少氮肥投入、低肥力土壤适量增加氮肥投入有利于稻米加工品质和外观品质的改善。在不同肥力土壤下减少氮肥投入对食味评分均有提高作用。不同土壤肥力下适量的施用氮肥才能得到品质优良的稻米。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the quality of Kenjing 5 under different soil fertility. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted with three factors completely randomized design to reduce the amount of nitrogen in three soil fertility levels. 【Result】 With the increase of soil fertility and the reduction of input of nitrogen fertilizer, it is benefit to the improvement of processing quality. Under the experimental conditions, the soil fertility of high nitrogen fertilizer was 174.0 kg / hm2 (20% nitrogen reduction), medium fertility was 195.8 kg / hm2 (10% nitrogen reduction), and low fertility was 217.5 kg / hm2 Brown rice rate, milled rice rate and milled rice rate were better. Appropriate application of nitrogen fertilizer at low and middle soil fertility could reduce the chalkiness and chalky grain rate. The fertilization with high fertility could reduce the chalky grain rate and chalkiness ; Reducing nitrogen fertilizer under different soil fertility, amylose slightly increased, protein content decreased significantly, which is conducive to the improvement of taste score. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that the processing, appearance, nutritional quality and quality of rice cooking in Kenjing No.5 were different and there was an interaction effect between soil fertility and N application rate. High fertility of soil reduce nitrogen input, low fertility of soil suitable amount of nitrogen fertilizer input is conducive to the improvement of rice processing quality and appearance quality. Reducing the nitrogenous fertilizer input in different fertility soils can improve the taste score. Appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizers under different soil fertilities can get good quality rice.