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目的了解河南省南阳市淅川县社区居民健康素养水平,为制定健康素养干预策略及措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,随机抽取34个社区15~69岁常住居民2 380人进行健康素养问卷调查。结果淅川县社区居民健康素养水平为12.14%。基本知识与理念、基本技能、健康生活方式与行为三方面健康素养水平分别为23.53%、13.61%、10.92%,三者差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=153.82,P<0.01);安全与急救、科学健康观、传染病防治、健康信息、基本医疗和慢性病防治六类健康问题素养水平分别为56.93%、35.08%、23.53%、20.34%、14.92%和10.34%,六者差异有统计学意义(χ~2=1 737.88,P<0.01)。不同年龄和不同文化程度的社区居民健康素养水平存在明显差异(P<0.01)。结论淅川县社区居民总体健康素养水平较高,今后应针对性的制定健康教育干预措施,持续提升社区居民的健康素养水平。
Objective To understand the health literacy of community residents in Xichuan County, Nanyang City, Henan Province, and to provide the basis for formulating health literacy intervention strategies and measures. Methods A multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to randomly select 2 380 people from 34 communities who are residents aged 15-69 years to conduct a questionnaire on health literacy. Results The health literacy of community residents in Xichuan County was 12.14%. The level of health literacy was 23.53%, 13.61% and 10.92% in the three aspects of basic knowledge and concept, basic skills, healthy lifestyles and behaviors respectively, with significant differences among them (χ ~ 2 = 153.82, P <0.01) There were 56.93%, 35.08%, 23.53%, 20.34%, 14.92% and 10.34% of six health literacy levels in first aid, scientific outlook on health, prevention and control of infectious diseases, health information, basic medical treatment and chronic disease prevention, respectively Significance (χ ~ 2 = 1 737.88, P <0.01). There were significant differences in health literacy among community residents of different ages and different education levels (P <0.01). Conclusion The overall health literacy of community residents in Xichuan County is high. Health education interventions should be formulated in the future so as to continuously improve the health literacy of community residents.