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目的分析耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)主动外排基因(qacB、qacJ、smr),探讨其在 MRSA 多重耐药中的作用。方法采用计算机引物设计软件(Primer Premier 5.0)设计外排泵基因(qacB、qacJ、smr)引物,用 PCR 和电泳分析方法检测124株 MRSA 主动外排基因;用利血平进行MRSA 协同抑制试验,观察其对利福平和左旋氧氟沙星药敏性的变化。结果 124株 MRSA 中检出外排泵 qacB 基因86株,检出率为69.4%;qacJ 基因45株,检出率为36.3%;smr 基因32株,检出率为25.8%。利血平抑制实验结果显示 MRSA 对左旋氧氟沙星和利福平的最低抑菌浓度值下降2～32倍,表明其耐药性降低。结论 MRSA 存在 qacB、qacJ、smr 等多种主动外排系统,在其多重耐药中起重要作用。
Objective To analyze the active efflux genes (qacB, qacJ, smr) of methicillin - resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and explore its role in MRSA multidrug resistance. Methods Primer Premier 5.0 was used to design the primers of qacB, qacJ and smr. 124 MRSA active efflux genes were detected by PCR and electrophoresis analysis method. MRSA synergistic inhibition test was conducted with reserpine. To observe the changes of rifampicin and levofloxacin susceptibility. Results Among the 124 strains of MRSA, 86 strains of qacB gene were found in efflux pump, with a detection rate of 69.4%, 45 strains of qacJ gene with a detection rate of 36.3% and smr gene of 32 strains with a detection rate of 25.8%. The results of reserpine inhibition experiments showed that MRSA decreased the minimum inhibitory concentration of levofloxacin and rifampicin by 2 ~ 32 times, indicating that the drug resistance of MRSA decreased. Conclusion MRSA has many active efflux systems such as qacB, qacJ and smr, which play an important role in multidrug resistance.