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目的了解深圳市宝安区居民血脂水平、血脂异常患病率情况以及相关危险因素,为血脂异常的预防干预提供依据。方法于2009年采用多阶段随机整群抽样法,随机抽取深圳市宝安区27个社区,共3 230名15~69岁居民进行入户调查,调查内容包括问卷调查、体格检查和血脂测定。血脂异常单因素分析比较采用χ2检验,多因素分析采用非条件logistic回归分析。结果调查人群血浆总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)平均水平分别为(4.88±1.01)、(1.57±1.33)和(1.19±0.27)mmol/L,血脂异常检出率为42.5%。非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,40岁以上(OR=1.726,95%CI:1.088~2.740)、超重或肥胖(OR=1.546,95%CI:1.252~1.910;OR=2.253,95%CI:1.580~3.212)、腰围(WC≥75 cm,OR=1.855,95%CI:1.460~2.357)、腰臀比(男性≥0.90、女性≥0.85,OR=1.343,95%CI:1.103-1.635)和慢性病家族史(OR=1.188,95%CI:1.014~1.391)是血脂异常的危险因素,女性(OR=0.673,95%CI:0.545~0.830)、戒烟(OR=0.633,95%CI:0.429~0.933)、不吸烟(OR=0.625,95%CI:0.491~0.796)、适量饮酒(OR=0.721,95%CI:0.581~0.897)是血脂异常的保护因素。结论深圳市宝安区15岁以上居民血脂异常检出率水平较高,针对血脂异常高危人群,要高度重视居民生活方式干预在预防和治疗工作中的重要性,全面、有效地降低患者终身心血管风险。
Objective To understand the prevalence of dyslipidemia and dyslipidemia among residents in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City and related risk factors so as to provide basis for prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia. Methods A multistage random cluster sampling method was used in 2009, randomly selecting 27 communities in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City. A total of 3 230 residents ranging from 15 to 69 were enrolled in the household survey. The survey included questionnaires, physical examination and blood lipids. Univariate analysis of dyslipidemia usingχ2 test, multivariate analysis using non-conditional logistic regression analysis. Results The average level of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were 4.88 ± 1.01, 1.57 ± 1.33 and 1.19 ± 0.27 mmol / L, the detection rate of dyslipidemia was 42.5%. Non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that over 40 years old (OR = 1.726, 95% CI: 1.088-2.740), overweight or obesity (OR = 1.546, 95% CI: 1.252-1.910; OR = 2.253, 95% CI: 1.580 ~ 3.212), waist circumference (WC≥75 cm, OR = 1.855, 95% CI: 1.460 ~ 2.357) and waist-hip ratio (male≥0.90, female≥0.85, OR = 1.343, 95% CI: 1.103-1.635) Family history (OR = 1.188, 95% CI: 1.014-1.391) was a risk factor for dyslipidemia. Female (OR = 0.673, 95% CI: 0.545-0.830), smoking cessation (OR 0.633, 95% CI 0.429-0.933 ), No smoking (OR = 0.625, 95% CI: 0.491-0.796), moderate drinking (OR = 0.721, 95% CI: 0.581-0.897) was the protective factor of dyslipidemia. Conclusion The detection rate of dyslipidemia in residents over 15 years old in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City is relatively high. For people with high risk of dyslipidemia, it is necessary to attach great importance to the importance of residents’ life style interventions in prevention and treatment, and to comprehensively and effectively reduce cardiovascular risk risk.