ICU患者病情多较危重,大部分合并有严重的基础疾病,病种复杂,免疫功能明显下降,极易受到病原菌的感染和侵犯而影响预后,甚至危及患者生命。有研究显示,ICU院内感染率高达50%以上,是普通住院患者的5~10倍,且近年来呈上升趋势。ICU感染常是导致患者抢救失败的重要原因[1]。因此应加强对ICU感染的控制,有利于提高患者的救治成功率。ICU发生的院内感染以下呼吸道感染(气管、支气管、肺泡、肺 ICU patients are more critical condition, most of them are complicated with serious underlying diseases, complicated by diseases and obviously decreased immune function. They are highly susceptible to the infection and invasion of pathogenic bacteria and affect the prognosis, and even endanger the patient’s life. Studies have shown that ICU nosocomial infection rate as high as 50% or more, is generally 5 to 10 times the hospitalized patients, and is on the rise in recent years. ICU infection is often the leading cause of failure of patients with rescue [1]. Therefore, we should strengthen the control of ICU infection, help to improve the success rate of treatment of patients. Nosocomial infections in the ICU have the following respiratory infections (trachea, bronchi, alveoli, lungs)