目的调查辽宁省农村独居失能老人长期照护模式选择意愿并分析其影响因素,为建立和发展农村独居失能老人长期照护体系提供理论依据。方法采取便利抽样的方法选取辽宁省农村地区302名独居失能老人作为调查对象,采用一般情况调查表、老年人能力评估问卷、社会支持评定量表和自制长期照护模式调查表进行调查。结果 219例(72.5%)独居失能老人选择居家长期照护,83例(27.5%)选择机构长期照护,勉强能在家生活(76.3%)和没钱去养老机构(60.3%)是独居失能老人选择居家长期照护的2个主要原因,选择机构长期照护最重要的原因是有专人提供生活照料(73.4%);Logistic回归分析表明月收入(OR=4.156,P=0.001)、社会支持(OR=0.903,P=0.036)和能力等级(中度失能:OR=26.593,P=0.001;重度失能:OR=557.370,P<0.001)是长期照护模式选择意愿的影响因素。结论居家长期照护仍然符合大部分农村独居失能老人的长期照护意愿,应针对独居失能老人的不同特点,加强居家长期照护功能并发展机构长期照护服务。 Objective To investigate the long-term care of the elderly in Liaoning Province, the choice of long-term care mode of choice and analysis of its influencing factors for the establishment and development of rural elderly living alone disabled provide a theoretical basis for long-term care system. Methods A total of 302 elderly people living alone in rural areas of Liaoning Province were selected as survey subjects by means of convenience sampling. The questionnaires of general conditions, elderly ability assessment questionnaire, social support rating scale and self-made long-term care mode questionnaire were used to investigate. Results 219 cases (72.5%) of the elderly living alone chose long-term home care, 83 cases (27.5%) chose to be long-term care, barely able to live at home (76.3%) and no pension to the elderly (60.3% Logistic regression analysis showed that monthly income (OR = 4.156, P = 0.001), social support (OR = 4.156, P = 0.001), social support 0.903, P = 0.036) and ability level (moderate disability: OR = 26.593, P = 0.001; severe disability: OR = 557.370, P <0.001) were the influencing factors of long-term care choice. Conclusion Long-term care at home still meets the long-term care desire of the elderly living inaccessible in most rural areas. The long-term care function of the home should be strengthened and long-term institutional care services should be developed in response to the different characteristics of the elderly living alone.