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辣椒资源遗传多样性丰富,育种的潜力大,本研究从分子水平研究不同种间辣椒种质资源的遗传多样性差异,为辣椒种质资源的收集、研究及合理利用提供参考。并首次利用基于辣椒全基因组编码区序列设计152对SSR辣椒基因组引物,用不同地理来源且性状差异显著的11个种(亚种)的24份辣椒种质资源对152对SSR引物进行筛选,从而获得条带清晰、稳定性好的41对SSR多态性引物,并利用NTSYS-pc2.10e和POPGENE32软件分析24份辣椒种质资源的遗传多样性数据。结果表明:41对SSR引物扩增出211个多态性条带,平均每对引物扩增出5.15个位点,说明SSR引物在辣椒遗传分析中有较高的实用性。有效等位基因数(Ne)、观测杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(He)、香农指数(Shannon-Weaver)(I)、多态信息含量(PIC)的均值结果分别为4.086 1、0.419 8、0.724 7、1.423 2、0.665 4,表明辣椒遗传信息非常丰富。UPGMA方法聚类分析及主成分分析将24份辣椒聚为7类,结果基本与辣椒种类来源相符。
Pepper is rich in genetic diversity and has great potential for breeding. In this study, the genetic diversity of germplasm resources in different species of pepper germplasm was studied at the molecular level to provide reference for the collection, research and rational utilization of pepper germplasm resources. For the first time, 152 pairs of SSR primers were designed based on the whole genome coding sequence of pepper and 152 pairs of SSR primers were screened from 24 capsicum germplasms of 11 species (subspecies) of different geographical origin and significant trait differences 41 pairs of SSR polymorphic primers with clear bands and good stability were obtained. The genetic diversity of 24 capsicum germplasm resources was analyzed by NTSYS-pc2.10e and POPGENE32 softwares. The results showed that 41 pairs of SSR primers amplified 211 polymorphic bands with an average of 5.15 loci per primer pair, indicating that SSR primers are highly practical in genetic analysis of pepper. Mean values of Ne, Hv, He, Shannon-Weaver and PIC were 4.086 and 0.419 respectively 8,0.724 7,1.423 2,0.665 4, indicating that pepper genetic information is very rich. UPGMA clustering analysis and principal component analysis of 24 pepper clustered into seven categories, the results basically consistent with the source of pepper species.