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我国一次能源消费结构中煤炭的比重高达70%,我国的电力结构中煤电的比重高达80%。对于中国的能源问题,一直以来认为煤炭在一次能源和电力结构中所占比例过大,为此正在大力发展水电、核电、风电、太阳能发电,以降低煤电的比例,但收效甚微。我国煤炭在一次能源消费结构中的比例,1978年为70.7%,到2010年为70.9%;煤电在全国发电量中的比例,1978年为82.6%,2010年为80.8%。中国的能源安全必须实现能源独立,不能依赖国际市场,为此在未来很长时间内我国的能源安全应立足于煤炭。因此中国应下决心推行一次能源结构以煤为主、电力结构以煤电为主的能源战略,这是基于我国煤炭资源比石油、天然气丰富;我国2010年煤炭产量占全球48%,煤炭进口依存度仅为4.3%;国际煤炭市场价格比石油、天然气低许多所确定的。美国将94%的煤炭用于发电,我国目前还只有50%左右用于发电,因此建议应该继续提高煤炭用于发电的比例。
China’s primary energy consumption structure in the proportion of coal up to 70%, China’s power structure, the proportion of coal and electricity up to 80%. For China’s energy issue, coal has always been regarded as an over-large share of primary energy and power structure. For this reason, hydropower, nuclear power, wind power and solar power generation are being greatly reduced to reduce the proportion of coal and electricity, but with little success. The proportion of coal in primary energy consumption structure in China was 70.7% in 1978 and 70.9% in 2010; the proportion of coal-fired power generation in China was 82.6% in 1978 and 80.8% in 2010. China’s energy security must achieve energy independence and can not rely on the international market. Therefore, for a long time to come, China’s energy security should be based on coal. Therefore, China should make up its determination to implement an energy strategy with coal as its mainstay and its coal-based power structure as its energy strategy. This is based on the fact that China’s coal resources are more abundant than oil and natural gas. In 2010, China’s coal production accounted for 48% of the world’s total coal imports, The degree is only 4.3%; the price of international coal market is much lower than that of oil and natural gas. The United States will use 94% of coal for power generation. At present, only about 50% of China’s coal is used for power generation. Therefore, it is suggested that the proportion of coal used for power generation should be continuously raised.