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目的了解湖州地区儿童牙齿内铅含量,以及稳定的生活环境下齿铅负荷对儿童生长发育的影响因素。方法湖州市妇幼保健院等于2002年6月至2004年12月采用整群抽取湖州城市、农村共10所幼儿园,检测了在园就读171例儿童离体乳牙(上门齿)铅的含量,以ROC曲线法确定高齿铅值。结果高齿铅的临界值为19·50μg/g,儿童体格发育指标与齿铅(对数转换后)的相关分析发现,高齿铅量与儿童的身高呈负相关关系(r=-0·370,P<0·001),差异有极显著的统计学意义,与体重、头围的相关性检验无统计学意义。以齿铅为自变量,采取逐步法进行多元线性回归模型拟合,发现齿铅含量与儿童注意力、身高、母亲职业等8个因素在方程中具有统计学意义(F=10·312,P<0·01)。结论母亲职业铅接触、易拉罐食品、婴幼儿啃指甲动作、营养素失衡均是导致儿童体内铅负荷增高的主要因素,而高齿铅对儿童身高的影响最大。
Objective To understand the content of lead in children’s teeth in Huzhou area and the influencing factors on the growth and development of children under the lead stress in stable living environment. Methods Huzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital equivalent from June 2002 to December 2004 using a cluster of Huzhou city and rural areas a total of 10 kindergartens, examining the children enrolled in the park in 171 cases of children with primary deciduous teeth (incisors) lead content to ROC Curve method to determine the high tooth lead value. Results The cut-off value of lead was 19 · 50 μg / g. Correlation analysis between children’s physical development index and tooth lead (after logarithmic conversion) showed that there was a negative correlation between lead content and height of children (r = -0 · 370, P <0.001), the difference was statistically significant, and no significant correlation with body weight and head circumference. Tooth lead was taken as independent variable and stepwise method was used to fit multivariate linear regression model. It was found that tooth lead content and children’s attention, height and mother’s occupation were statistically significant in the equation (F = 10.312, P <0 · 01). Conclusions Maternal lead exposure, cans food, nibbling of infants and young children, and imbalance of nutrients are all the major factors that lead to the increase of lead load in children, while lead of high tooth has the most influence on the height of children.