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简要介绍了12个大城市限制小汽车使用的交通政策,评估其在减少能源消耗和温室气体排放方面取得的效果。这些城市都经历了能源消耗、温室气体排放和私人小汽车保有量增长的过程。在欧洲,多个地区通过提高公共交通的服务质量,增加了公交客运量,但新增乘客来自于非机动交通而非私人小汽车,这实际上增加了能源消耗总量。各城市旨在减少私人小汽车使用的政策并没有获得成功,原因在于这些政策没有满足人们对交通方式可达性和舒适性的需求。随着生活水平的提高,相关投资策略须同时考虑环境保护与人们的出行需求。
Briefly introduced the transportation policies that restrict the use of cars in 12 major cities to assess their effectiveness in reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. These cities have experienced the process of energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and private car ownership growth. In Europe, bus traffic has been increased in several regions by improving the quality of public transport services, but new passengers are coming from non-motorized transport rather than private cars, which in fact increases total energy consumption. Policies in various cities aimed at reducing the use of private cars have not been successful because they do not meet people’s need for accessibility and comfort. With the improvement of living standards, relevant investment strategies must consider both environmental protection and people’s travel needs.