歙县旅沪同乡会是一个以商人为主的自治组织,与本土乡村社会之间有着密切的联系。借助于城市的自治力量,解决乡村的问题,是当时一条有效的途径。本文运用文献资料与田野调查,复原了参与1947年歙县旅沪同乡会扑灭家乡疟疾时疫运动会的大多数绅董的职业与简历以及在1947年所呈现的绅董城乡联动的网络。这一网络其实是明清以来乡绅对农村社会控制网络的延续,对乡村社会的影响渗透到每一个角落。在乡村自治弱化的同时,城市自治的强化以及城乡两个自治体之间的互动和城乡网络的互动,使歙县乡村得以在战乱频仍、灾荒不断的艰难时世下得以生存。 Juxian travel to Shanghai Association is a predominantly businessman autonomous organization, and the local rural community has a close relationship. By means of the autonomy power of the cities, the solution to the rural problems was an effective way at that time. By using the literature and field investigation, this paper restores the occupation and resume of most gentry directors participating in the epidemic of fighting the malaria in 1947 in Shanghai and the network in 1947 that showed the linkage between Shen and Dong. This network is actually a continuation of the rural social control network by the squire since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the impact on rural society permeates every corner. In addition to the weakening of rural autonomy, the strengthening of urban autonomy and the interaction between urban and rural autonomous bodies and the interaction between urban and rural areas enabled the rural villages in Shexian County to survive in times of frequent war chaos and persistent hardships.