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针对铯光泵弱磁检测在工业和国防领域有着极其重要应用的现状，讨论了光泵磁共振原理及其物理系统的组成，分析了铯光泵弱磁检测系统的电路原理，对系统电路进行了设计，并在此基础上搭建了原理样机。通过室外测得的一组地磁场数据显示其与地磁台的测量数据相吻合，验证了原理样机的测量精度。从而初步实现了自激型铯光泵弱磁检测系统的弱磁检测功能。“,”Cesium Optical Pumping Weak Magnetic Detection has very important application in industry and national de -fense.The principle of optical pumping magnetic resonance and components of the physical system were discussed ; the circuit principle of cesium optical pumping weak magnetic detection system was analyzed ;and the system circuits were designed .Based on this, the principle prototype has been built .A group of outdoor test data about geomagnetic field is identical with those of geo -magnetic observatory, which verifies the measurement precision of principle prototype .As a result, the self-excited cesium opti-cal pumping weak magnetic detection system was initially realized .