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【目的】针对香石竹设施栽培土传病害的生物防治技术研究,探讨其根际土壤微生物与枯萎病害的关联性。【方法】采集香石竹健康植株与枯萎病植株根际土壤,采用不同培养基进行分离、纯化,并对分离菌株提取基因组DNA,用其16S rRNA序列的通用引物进行PCR扩增,进行blast同源分析。【结果】从采集样品中分离出的菌株分布于细菌域(Bacteria)中的4个门(Phyla)共15个属(Genera),其中从健康植株组土壤中培养出65株菌,分布于9个属,并以芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)、链霉菌(Streptomyces)及孢霉菌(Mortierella)为优势菌群;而枯萎病株组土样共培养出33株菌,分布于12个属,并且寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas)、鞘氨醇杆菌(Sphingobacterium)、假单胞菌(Pseudomonas)、金黄杆菌(Chryseobacterium)、拟无枝菌酸菌(Amycolatopsis)及尖镰孢病原菌(Fusarium oxysporum)属的分离菌株仅从病株组土壤中分离到;分离菌株同源性在90%-98%的潜在新种(potential novel species)有13株。【结论】研究结果表明,根际土壤中真菌数与总菌数的百分比或Bacillus类群多样性的丰度,可作为评价区域香石竹种植土壤健康状况、栽培土壤演变及病害防治预测预报的参考指标。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the biological control of soil-borne diseases of Carnation plantations and to explore the correlation between soil rhizosphere microbes and wilt disease. 【Method】 Rhizosphere soil of healthy plants and Fusarium wilt plants were collected and purified by different media. Genomic DNA was extracted from the isolates and amplified by PCR using 16S rRNA sequences. analysis. 【Result】 The results showed that the strains isolated from the collected samples were distributed in 15 genera (Phyla) of 4 phylogenetic species (Phyla), of which 65 strains were cultured in the soil of healthy plants and distributed in 9 And Bacillus, Streptomyces and Mortierella were the dominant bacteria, while 33 strains of Fusarium wilt were co-cultivated in soil samples distributed in 12 genera and widowed Stenotrophomonas, Sphingobacterium, Pseudomonas, Chryseobacterium, Amycolatopsis and Fusarium oxysporum Strains were only isolated from the soil of the diseased plant group; 13 strains of potential novel species with 90% -98% homology were isolated. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that the percentage of fungi and total bacteria in rhizosphere soil or the abundance of Bacillus species diversity could be used as a reference index for evaluating soil health condition, soil evolution and disease prevention and control of carnation plantation .