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为了准确鉴定2015年7–10月青岛崂山青山湾鱼类浮游生物调查中采集的依形态学初步鉴定为某种舌鳎属的鱼卵、仔鱼样本,本实验同时采集青岛胶州湾短吻红舌鳎(Cynoglossus joyneri)和长吻红舌鳎(C.lighti)的成鱼样本为参照,通过线粒体COI基因测序分析,以及同山东半岛海域分布的6种舌鳎属鱼类的COI基因序列比对,开展了该舌鳎属鱼卵、仔鱼种类的鉴别分析,以期为今后舌鳎属鱼类的分类及其鱼卵、仔鱼的鉴别提供参考资料。形态学研究结果显示:鱼卵为圆球形浮性卵,直径0.68–0.87 mm(0.73±0.03 mm,n=50),卵膜单层,较薄、光滑透明,卵周隙较大,卵膜及卵黄囊均无特殊构造,油球6–15个,直径0.04–0.10 mm(0.07±0.01 mm,n=50),圆形,大小不一,多位于卵黄囊中与胚体相对的一侧,既有聚集分布也有分散分布;仔鱼的2条冠状幼鳍及右眼移位过程中体长、色素分布等的特征和变化是此鱼种仔鱼鉴别的最明显特征。遗传学分析结果显示:该种舌鳎属样品(Cynoglossus sp.)与短吻红舌鳎和长吻红舌鳎的遗传距离最为接近,三者K2P遗传距离为0.006–0.009;短吻三线舌鳎(C.abbreviatus)与紫斑舌鳎(C.purpureomaculatus)亲缘关系最近,两者K2P遗传距离仅为0.002。以带纹条鳎(Zebrias zebra)为外类群构建的NJ系统发育树显示,该种舌鳎属样品与短吻红舌鳎和长吻红舌鳎以及短吻三线舌鳎与紫斑舌鳎分别聚为一支,其他种类各聚为一支。综合形态特征和COI基因比对结果,确定该舌鳎属鱼卵、仔鱼样品为短吻红舌鳎。
In order to accurately identify the fish eggs and larvae collected from the Qingshan Bay fish-based plankton survey in Laoshan, Qingdao from January to October 2015, Cynoglossus joyneri and C.lighti were used as reference to analyze the COI gene sequence of mitochondrial COI genes and the sequences of COI genes of 6 species of the genus Selaginella from Shandong Peninsula , To carry out the analysis of the tongue, larvae and larvae, with a view to provide references for the future classification of the genus Leucocephala and identification of their eggs and larvae. The results of morphological studies showed that the ovum was a spherical buoyant egg with a diameter of 0.68-0.87 mm (0.73 ± 0.03 mm, n = 50). The egg membrane was single, thin, smooth and transparent, And yolk sac were no special structure, 6-15 oil balls, 0.04-0.10 mm in diameter (0.07 ± 0.01 mm, n = 50), round, different sizes, located in the yolk sac and the opposite side of the embryo body The distribution and distribution of body length and pigment in the two coronoid fins and the right eye of larvae were the most obvious characteristics of larval identification. The results of genetic analysis showed that the genetic distance between Cynoglossus sp. Was the closest to that of the common red-kite and red-kennel. The K2P genetic distance was 0.006-0.009. (C.abbreviatus) is closest to C.purpureomaculatus, with a genetic distance of only 0.002. The NJ phylogenetic tree constructed from the Zebrias zebra as a cohort showed that the samples of this species are clustered together with the red-bellied tongue and the red-bellied tongue, and the three- For one, each of the other types together. According to the morphological characteristics and the results of COI gene alignment,