本文从给水及水污染防治科学与技术两方面对水科技的发展及其在人类社会发展中的作用进行了讨论。水科技在人类社会的现代化进程中起到了重要的支撑，保障和推动作用，解决人类面前日益严峻的水污染与水资源危机问题，大力发展水科技是一条根本途径。 This paper discusses the development of water science and technology and its role in the development of human society from the aspects of water supply and water pollution prevention science and technology. Water science and technology plays an important role in the modernization of human society. It ensures and promotes the role of solving the increasingly serious problem of water pollution and water resources crisis in front of mankind. Vigorously developing water science and technology is a fundamental approach.