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目的探讨高敏感性K-RAS基因点突变检测方法在大肠癌临床的应用价值。方法用套式聚合酶链反应结合限制性片段多态性分析(PCR-RFLP)检测大肠癌组织及其癌旁组织K-RAS基因第12密码子点突变。结果癌组织K-RAS基因第12密码子点突变率为12%(4/34),表现为GGT→GAT和GGT→GTT,癌旁组织无K-RAS突变。伴有12密码子突变的大肠癌以隆起型为主,患者年龄较大,均属C和D期。结论大肠癌患者K-RAS基因突变与患者的年龄、肿瘤的大体形态和患者Dukes分期等临床病理参数有关。
Objective To investigate the clinical value of high sensitive K-RAS gene point mutation detection method in colorectal cancer. Methods Nested polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP) were used to detect point mutations in codon 12 of the K-RAS gene in colorectal cancer tissue and adjacent tissues. Results The mutation rate of the 12th codon of the K-RAS gene in cancer tissue was 12% (4/34), which was expressed as GGT→GAT and GGT→GTT. There was no K-RAS mutation in the adjacent tissue. Colorectal cancer with a 12-codon mutation is predominantly bulging and patients are older, both in stages C and D. Conclusion The K-RAS gene mutation in patients with colorectal cancer is related to the age, the general morphology of the tumor and the Dukes stage.