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胎儿体内多能干细胞移植是最具潜力的妊娠期治疗胎儿遗传性疾病的前沿方法,并已显示出广阔的应用前景。胎儿是干细胞移植的最理想受体。患病胎儿体内出现起治疗作用的呈高嵌合水平的多能干细胞是移植治疗成功的关键。为达到供体干细胞在胎儿体内呈高嵌合状态,需选择多能干细胞移植的最佳时机,有效地避免免疫排斥反应,并成功诱导特异性免疫耐受,选择特异性分化的多能干细胞,制订最合理的移植治疗策略,选择恰当的候选疾病,定期监测胎儿体内供体干细胞及其代谢产物的水平以判定治疗效果,并避免移植后合并症的发生。
Fetal pluripotent stem cell transplantation in vivo is the most potential frontier treatment of fetal genetic disease during pregnancy, and has shown broad application prospects. The fetus is the ideal recipient for stem cell transplantation. The pluripotent stem cells that show a high level of chimerism that have a therapeutic effect in diseased fetuses are the key to successful transplantation. In order to achieve a high chimerism of donor stem cells in the fetus, it is necessary to select the optimal timing of pluripotent stem cell transplantation, to effectively avoid immune rejection and to induce specific immune tolerance, to select specific differentiated pluripotent stem cells, Formulate the most reasonable transplantation treatment strategy, select the appropriate candidate disease, regular monitoring of fetal in vivo donor stem cells and their metabolites in order to determine the treatment effect, and to avoid complications after transplantation.