目的　探讨流行性腮腺炎病毒性脑膜炎 (腮脑 )短程高效的治疗方法。方法　以临床和实验室确诊的 15 5例腮脑患者为观察组 ,采用地塞米松一次性鞘内注射治疗方法 ,并与同期入院的常规对症治疗组对照。结果　观察组退热时间、头痛和脑膜刺激症状消失时间及治愈时间分别是 32h、15h、12h、3.1d ,明显优于对照组的 5 8h、2 4h、32h、6 .5d ,且差异有非常显著性或差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1或0 0 5 )。结论　地塞米松一次性鞘内注射疗法治疗腮脑短程、高效 ,安全。 Objective To investigate the short-term and high-efficiency treatment of mumps virus meningitis (cheek brain). Methods One hundred and fifty-five cases of cheek brain patients diagnosed clinically and laboratory were used as the observation group. One-time dexamethasone intrathecal injection was used and compared with the conventional symptomatic treatment group admitted in the same period. Results The disappearance time, the disappearance time of headache and meningeal irritation and the healing time in observation group were 32h, 15h, 12h and 3.1d respectively, which were significantly better than those of control group at 48h, 24h, 32h and 6 5d Significant or significant difference (P <0 0 1 or 0 0 5). Conclusion Dexamethasone one-time intrathecal injection therapy for short-stroke cheek brain, efficient and safe.