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目的:探讨结核病患者服药依从性与护理因素的相关性,以正确指导结核病患者的服药及增强其依从性。方法:采用分层抽样方法,抽取结核病患者(300例),以全国结核病年龄段患病率为参照,在各年龄段中按比例随机抽取,并设计调查表调查被抽取患者,最后分析护理因素对患者服药依从性的效果。结果:300例被调查者中服药依从性良好者157例,构成比为52、33%,服药依从性较差者143例,构成比为47、67%。服药依从性良好组患者对疾病的恐惧及胃肠道等生理反应均低于服药依从性较差组;服药依从性良好组患者与亲戚同事沟通的次数及受到的关心略高于依从性差组;认知管理评分为3.38±0.56,与医生沟通评分为3.42±0.66,症状管理评分为7.51±1、23,疾病共性管理评分为7.62±1.12各项比较均高于依从性差组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:有效的自我管理、医护人员的关心及对疾病的认知可提高结核病患者的服药依从性。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between medication adherence and nursing factors in TB patients so as to correctly guide the TB patients to take their medications and enhance their compliance. Methods: Stratified sampling method was used to extract tuberculosis patients (300 cases), taking the national tuberculosis prevalence rate as the reference, randomly selected in all age groups according to the proportion, and designed the questionnaire to investigate the patients who were drawn, and finally analyzed the nursing factors Patient compliance with medication. Results: Of the 300 respondents, 157 patients had good compliance, accounting for 52.33% of the respondents. 143 patients had poor medication compliance, with a ratio of 47.67%. Patients with good medication adherence had less fear of disease and less gastrointestinal reaction than those with poor medication compliance. The frequency of communication with relatives and colleagues was slightly higher than those with poor compliance in the medication compliance group. The cognitive management score was 3.38 ± 0.56, the communication score with doctors was 3.42 ± 0.66, the symptom management score was 7.51 ± 1 and 23, and the disease common management score was 7.62 ± 1.12, and the differences were statistically significant Significance (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Effective self-management, caregiver awareness and understanding of the disease can improve adherence to tuberculosis patients.