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Why is it so difficult to fall asleep when you are overtired?There is no one answer that applies to every person. But many people fail to note the distinction between tiredness—physical tiredness—and sleepiness, the inability to stay awake. It’s possible to feel“tired”physically and still be unable to fall asleep, because while your body may be tired, you don’t feel sleepy. To fall asleep, you need adequate time to unwind, even if you feel fatigued. It’s not so easy to simply“turn off”.
According to Carl E. Hunt, director of the National Center on Sleep Disorders Research in Bethesda, Maryland, most people do not allow themselves enough deceleration(减缓).
Lack of sleep makes matters even more complex. Experts say adults need at least 7 to 8 hours of sleep a night to function properly. When you get less sleep than that on continuous nights, you begin to increase“sleep debt”. As sleep debt increases(and functionality decreases), your body experiences a stress response and begins to release(释放)adrenaline(=adrenalin[生化]肾上腺素). Now a cruel cycle has been created: You experience the feeling of being more and more tired, but your body is increasingly stimulated(促进,刺激).“Power sleeping”for more hours on weekends is only a temporary solution.“There is no substitute for getting a good night’s sleep on a regular basis,”says Hunt.
Most of us, however, don’t get the sleep we need. According to the 2002 National Sleep Foundation, Americans sleep an average of 6.9 hours per night during the week, and 58 percent of adults experience symptoms of insomnia(失眠症)a few nights a week or more.
1. According to the passage, which of the following is true?
A. Many people didn’t fail to note the distinction between fatigue and sleeping.
B. You can probably feel tired physically and mentally and still be unable to fall asleep.
C. Even if you feel fatigued, in order to fall asleep you need enough time to relax yourself.
D. When you are overtired, you will fall asleep very easily.
2. Why did the author say “lack of sleep makes matters even more”?
A. Because lack of sleep makes you unable to do everything.
B. Because lack of sleep causes a sleep debt. As sleep debt increases, your body experiences a stress response and begin to release adrenaline.
C. You experience the feeling of being more and more tired, your body is decreasedly stimulated.
D. To function properly, adults need at least 7 to 8 hours of sleep a day.
3. The word “substitute” underlined in the third paragraph most probably means______.
A. chance B. problem C. sense D. replacement
4. What’s the best title for this passage?
A. The relationships between physical tiredness and sleepness.
B. Most people don’t allow themselves sufficient deceleration.
C. Lack of sleep makes matters even more.
D. Why is it so difficult to fall asleep when you are overtired?
5. What have you learned from the passage?
A. It’s easy for us to fall asleep when we are very tired.
B. Most of us don’t get enough sleep because we are too busy.
C. We can’t live without sleep.
D. To function properly,everyone needs enough sleep every day.
答案解析
1. C。细节判断题。从文章第一段第四句开始就可以得到此答案。选项A与文章首段第三句不符;选项B与文章首段“It’s possibly to feel‘tired’ physically and still be unable to fall asleep”不符。选项D与文章“It’s not so easy to simply ‘turn off’”不符。
2. B。细节理解题。在文章第三段,专家说成年人为了身体机能正常运转每晚至少需要7～8个小时的睡眠,如果睡眠不足,就会背上“睡眠债”,当睡眠债越积越多(同时身体机能减弱),你的身体将会做出压力反应,开始释放腺素。而A、C、D项均与原文内容不符。
3. D。词义猜测题。上面已读到由于睡眠严重不足而引发了一个恶性循环,你感觉越来越累,你的身体受到的刺激却越来越强,即使猛补上几个小时也只是权宜之计。而要有规律地每晚睡上一个好觉,这是任何东西都代替不了的。replacement“替代物,代替者”与画线词substitute意义相近。
4. D。文章主旨判断题。浏览全文,不难看出,全文讨论的中心就是当你过度疲劳时你为何难以入睡。文章一开始就提出此论点,然后展开说明。
首段的基本大意是:To fall asleep,you need adequate time to unwind, even if you feel fatigued.
第二段讲的是专家认为:Most people don’t allow themselves sufficient deceleration.
第三段讲的是:Lack of sleep makes matters even more.
第四段讲的是:Most of us, however, don’t get the sleep we need.
5. D。逻辑推理题,全文中心谈的就是一个人若疲劳就很难入睡,而难以入睡就会导致身体机能不能正常运转。只有保证好的休息,才能有好的工作状态。选项A、B、C均不符合原文内容。
编辑/梁宇清
According to Carl E. Hunt, director of the National Center on Sleep Disorders Research in Bethesda, Maryland, most people do not allow themselves enough deceleration(减缓).
Lack of sleep makes matters even more complex. Experts say adults need at least 7 to 8 hours of sleep a night to function properly. When you get less sleep than that on continuous nights, you begin to increase“sleep debt”. As sleep debt increases(and functionality decreases), your body experiences a stress response and begins to release(释放)adrenaline(=adrenalin[生化]肾上腺素). Now a cruel cycle has been created: You experience the feeling of being more and more tired, but your body is increasingly stimulated(促进,刺激).“Power sleeping”for more hours on weekends is only a temporary solution.“There is no substitute for getting a good night’s sleep on a regular basis,”says Hunt.
Most of us, however, don’t get the sleep we need. According to the 2002 National Sleep Foundation, Americans sleep an average of 6.9 hours per night during the week, and 58 percent of adults experience symptoms of insomnia(失眠症)a few nights a week or more.
1. According to the passage, which of the following is true?
A. Many people didn’t fail to note the distinction between fatigue and sleeping.
B. You can probably feel tired physically and mentally and still be unable to fall asleep.
C. Even if you feel fatigued, in order to fall asleep you need enough time to relax yourself.
D. When you are overtired, you will fall asleep very easily.
2. Why did the author say “lack of sleep makes matters even more”?
A. Because lack of sleep makes you unable to do everything.
B. Because lack of sleep causes a sleep debt. As sleep debt increases, your body experiences a stress response and begin to release adrenaline.
C. You experience the feeling of being more and more tired, your body is decreasedly stimulated.
D. To function properly, adults need at least 7 to 8 hours of sleep a day.
3. The word “substitute” underlined in the third paragraph most probably means______.
A. chance B. problem C. sense D. replacement
4. What’s the best title for this passage?
A. The relationships between physical tiredness and sleepness.
B. Most people don’t allow themselves sufficient deceleration.
C. Lack of sleep makes matters even more.
D. Why is it so difficult to fall asleep when you are overtired?
5. What have you learned from the passage?
A. It’s easy for us to fall asleep when we are very tired.
B. Most of us don’t get enough sleep because we are too busy.
C. We can’t live without sleep.
D. To function properly,everyone needs enough sleep every day.
答案解析
1. C。细节判断题。从文章第一段第四句开始就可以得到此答案。选项A与文章首段第三句不符;选项B与文章首段“It’s possibly to feel‘tired’ physically and still be unable to fall asleep”不符。选项D与文章“It’s not so easy to simply ‘turn off’”不符。
2. B。细节理解题。在文章第三段,专家说成年人为了身体机能正常运转每晚至少需要7～8个小时的睡眠,如果睡眠不足,就会背上“睡眠债”,当睡眠债越积越多(同时身体机能减弱),你的身体将会做出压力反应,开始释放腺素。而A、C、D项均与原文内容不符。
3. D。词义猜测题。上面已读到由于睡眠严重不足而引发了一个恶性循环,你感觉越来越累,你的身体受到的刺激却越来越强,即使猛补上几个小时也只是权宜之计。而要有规律地每晚睡上一个好觉,这是任何东西都代替不了的。replacement“替代物,代替者”与画线词substitute意义相近。
4. D。文章主旨判断题。浏览全文,不难看出,全文讨论的中心就是当你过度疲劳时你为何难以入睡。文章一开始就提出此论点,然后展开说明。
首段的基本大意是:To fall asleep,you need adequate time to unwind, even if you feel fatigued.
第二段讲的是专家认为:Most people don’t allow themselves sufficient deceleration.
第三段讲的是:Lack of sleep makes matters even more.
第四段讲的是:Most of us, however, don’t get the sleep we need.
5. D。逻辑推理题,全文中心谈的就是一个人若疲劳就很难入睡,而难以入睡就会导致身体机能不能正常运转。只有保证好的休息,才能有好的工作状态。选项A、B、C均不符合原文内容。
编辑/梁宇清