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目的探讨新疆维吾尔族和汉族患者的幽门螺杆菌分离株cagA、vacA基因型与常见胃病的相关性。方法采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法检测92例胃病患者(慢性胃炎、萎缩性胃炎、胃溃疡和胃癌)的幽门螺杆菌vacA和cagA基因型。结果维吾尔族与汉族胃病患者中幽门螺杆菌cagA基因检出率高,均为84.8%,但cagA基因的分布无明显差异。在92株菌株中vacA m2、s1a、m1b、s2的检出率分别为67.4%、61.9%、18.5%和4.3%。维、汉族胃病患者最常见的vacA基因型为s1a、m2。维吾尔族胃癌患者vacA m2基因型检出率高于汉族胃癌患者,而vacA m1b基因型检出率低于汉族患者。汉族胃溃疡患者vacA m2基因型检出率显著高于胃癌患者;各胃病组vacA m1b基因型检出率从高到底依次为慢性胃炎、胃溃疡、胃癌,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论胃癌患者的vacA基因型分布可能与民族的不同而有区别,此结果可能为未来幽门螺杆菌的基因治疗提供一定的研究基础。
Objective To investigate the relationship between cagA and vacA genotypes of Helicobacter pylori isolates and common gastric diseases among Uygur and Han nationality in Xinjiang. Methods The genotypes of vacA and cagA of Helicobacter pylori in 92 patients with gastritis (chronic gastritis, atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer and gastric cancer) were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results The prevalence of cagA gene in Helicobacter pylori was higher in both Uygur and Han patients with gastric diseases, both of which were 84.8%, but the distribution of cagA gene was not significantly different. The detection rates of vacA m2, s1a, m1b and s2 in the 92 isolates were 67.4%, 61.9%, 18.5% and 4.3%, respectively. The most common type of vacA genotype in patients with gastric or stomach cancer is s1a, m2. The detection rate of vacA m2 genotype in Uighur gastric cancer patients was higher than that in Han cancer patients, but the detection rate of vacA m1b genotype was lower than that in Han patients. The detection rate of vacA m2 genotype in Han patients with gastric ulcer was significantly higher than that in patients with gastric cancer. The detection rates of vacA m1b genotypes in each stomach group were chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer and gastric cancer in sequence from high to low (P <0.05) . Conclusion The distribution of vacA genotypes in patients with gastric cancer may differ from one ethnic group to another. This result may provide a basis for the future gene therapy of Helicobacter pylori.