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将生命周期理论引入职务犯罪问题的分析,主要探讨职务犯罪的动态特征.模型主要考虑了以下相关因素:风险概率、法制环境、惩罚力度、退休年龄与预期寿命、就业收入与退休收入.假定在职者为风险中立者,他的决策变量是不法收入,目标是在动态约束下最大化其预期效用,得到了在职者的最优策略及预期效用的显示表达式.主要结论如下:在一定条件下,在职者退休前获取不法收入是其最优策略,单纯依靠惩罚力度的加强并不一定能够有效遏制职务犯罪;退休前后的收入差异越大,发生职务犯罪的可能性越高;调低退休年龄可能增加职务犯罪;在职者可动用资源的数量越大,职务犯罪的开始时间应当越晚;收入随工作年限逐年上升的模式有助于减少职务犯罪;收入水平对职务犯罪的影响具有某种“水平效应”和“非对称性”.
The life cycle theory is introduced into the analysis of job-related crime, which mainly discusses the dynamic characteristics of job-related crime.The model mainly considers the following relevant factors: risk probability, legal environment, punishment, retirement age and life expectancy, employment income and retirement income. Who is a risk-neutral person, his decision-making variable is illegal income, the objective is to maximize its expected utility under dynamic constraints, and get the expression of the optimal strategy and expected utility of the incumbent.The main conclusions are as follows: Under certain conditions , The incapacitated income of the incumbent before retirement is its optimal strategy, relying solely on strengthening the punishment does not necessarily be able to effectively curb job-related crimes; the greater the difference in income before and after retirement, the higher the possibility of job-related crimes; reduce the retirement age May increase the job-related crimes; incumbents can use more resources, the greater the starting time of job-related crimes should be later; income year by year with the mode of employment helps to reduce job-related crimes; income level of job-related crimes have some kind of “Horizontal Effects” and “Asymmetry”.