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HBV RNA在乙型肝炎病毒复制过程中具有重要作用，尤其是前基因组RNA（pg RNA）作为复制过程中病毒核心逆转录的模板，其特殊性被日益重视。分析近年来有关HBV RNA的临床研究，进一步探讨HBV RNA作为新的血清学标志物对临床乙型肝炎患者的指导意义。“,”Hepatitis B virus RNA plays an important role in the process of hepatitis B virus replication, especially pregenomic RNA (pgRNA), which serves as a template for the viral capsids, so its particularity is increasing day by day. This article analyzes the recent clinical studies, and further discusses the guiding significance of HBV RNA as a new clinical serological marker for hepatitis B patients.