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自主创新问题可以从供给和需求两个角度来考察。在需求方面,企业家的激励是重要的问题。对于自主创新的激励而言,产品市场的竞争性是一个重要的条件,经过市场化改革,我国已经基本具备。问题在于生产要素市场的非竞争性。在转型经济中,降低生产要素成本的重要方法是:强制、赠与、转移成本。生产要素低成本固然造就了利润空间,却不可避免地弱化了企业家自主创新的激励。因此可得命题:低生产要素成本和自主创新不可兼得。
The problem of independent innovation can be viewed from both supply and demand perspectives. In terms of demand, entrepreneurial motivation is an important issue. For the encouragement of independent innovation, the competitiveness of the product market is an important condition. After the market-oriented reform, China has basically possessed. The problem is the non-competitive market for factors of production. In a transitional economy, an important way to reduce the cost of production factors is to force, give, and transfer costs. Although the low cost of production factors has created profit margins, it has inevitably weakened the entrepreneurial innovation incentives. Therefore available proposition: low cost of production factors and independent innovation can not have both.