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目的观察欧米伽3脂肪酸(n-3 PUFA)对心脏康复期间冠心病(CHD)患者认知功能的影响。方法将92例康复的CHD患者随机分为n-3 PUFA治疗组和安慰剂组各46例。n-3 PUFA组在接受常规治疗基础上加服n-3 PUFA;安慰剂组在接受常规治疗基础上加服等量安慰剂,疗程均是12周。采用血管性认知功能障碍统一标准评估患者治疗12周后的认知功能。结果与治疗前比较,n-3 PUFA组患者治疗后血清EPA和DHA水平显著增加(P<0.01)。而安慰剂组患者试验期间血清EPA和DHA水平无明显变化(P>0.05)。抑郁与非抑郁患者的CVLT、APS、EF和BVMT测试结果比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。抑郁患者n-3 PUFA治疗后认知功能无统计学差异,而非抑郁患者n-3 PUFA治疗后复合语言记忆功能改善显著(P<0.05)。结论 n-3 PUFA对CHD合并抑郁患者的认知功能无影响,但能明显改善非抑郁患者的认知功能。
Objective To investigate the effect of omega-3 fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) on cognitive function in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) during cardiac rehabilitation. Methods Ninety-two patients with CHD were randomly divided into n-3 PUFA group and placebo group. The n-3 PUFA group received n-3 PUFA supplemented with conventional treatment. The placebo group received the same amount of placebo as the conventional treatment, and the course of treatment was 12 weeks. The cognitive function of patients after 12 weeks of treatment was assessed using a uniform standard of vascular cognitive impairment. Results Compared with those before treatment, the levels of serum EPA and DHA in n-3 PUFA group were significantly increased after treatment (P <0.01). Patients in the placebo group had no significant changes in serum EPA and DHA levels during the trial (P> 0.05). The difference of CVLT, APS, EF and BVMT between depression and non-depression patients were statistically significant (P <0.05 or P <0.01). There was no significant difference in cognitive function between patients treated with n-3 PUFA and those with n-3 PUFA (P <0.05). Conclusions n-3 PUFA has no effect on the cognitive function of patients with CHD complicated with depression, but can significantly improve the cognitive function of non-depressed patients.