【单元导读】1927～1937年的10年,是国共两个政权的对峙时期。这一时期的基本特征是国共两党、两个政权的对立斗争;中日民族矛盾逐渐上升为中国社会的主要矛盾;国共两党由对抗走向合作;中共由幼稚走向成熟。国民政府统治前期,在政治上加强专制统治,围剿“红军”。经济上,采取一系列整理财政和发展经济的措施,一方面客观上有利于民族工商业的发展,另一方面也形成以“四大家族”为首的官僚资本。同时美国在华的经济势力也迅速扩张。外交方面,发起改订新约运动。 [Unit Guidance] The 10 years from 1927 to 1937 were the confrontation periods of the two regimes of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. The basic characteristics of this period are the opposing struggles of the two parties and the two regimes; the Sino-Japanese ethnic conflicts have gradually risen as the main contradictions of Chinese society; the two parties of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party have moved from confrontation to cooperation; and the Chinese Communist Party has grown from naive to mature. In the early stage of the National Government’s rule, it was politically strengthening the dictatorial rule and encircling the “Red Army”. Economically, adopting a series of measures to organize fiscal and economic development is objectively conducive to the development of the national industry and commerce. On the other hand, it also forms the bureaucratic capital headed by the “Four Big Family”. At the same time, the economic power of the United States in China has also rapidly expanded. In terms of diplomacy, it initiated the reorganization of the New Covenant movement.