采用振实密度法测定了纳米空壳材料的空心率,并对6种不同空心率的样品进行了红外干扰性能测试和机理探讨。结果表明,当空心率低于80%时,空心率的提高使样品的红外干扰性能显著增强,空心率为77.5%时样品的综合性能最优,其对红外和激光最高衰减率分别可达98%和100%,有效遮蔽时间达20 min以上。但当空心率高于80%时,晶体结构易受破坏而呈现多孔形貌,导致红外衰减性能明显下降。 The hollowness of nanoshells was measured by the tap density method. The infrared interference performance of six kinds of hollow samples was tested and the mechanism was discussed. The results show that when the hollowness is less than 80%, the increase of the hollowness significantly enhances the infrared interference performance of the sample. When the hollowness is 77.5%, the comprehensive performance of the sample is the best. The maximum attenuation rate of infrared and laser can reach 98% And 100%, effective shielding time of 20 min or more. However, when the hollow ratio is higher than 80%, the crystal structure is easily damaged and the porous morphology appears, which leads to a significant decrease of the infrared attenuation performance.