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发展林下经济是大小兴安岭林区在调减木材产量的情况下实现经济转型的重要的产业寄托。文章采用分层随机抽样的方法对大小兴安岭林区7个林业局(县)的301个居住在山上林场(所)的职工住户进行问卷调查。调查结果表明:职工住户虽管护较多的林地但进行林下经济生产投入的却不多,而且投入的资金也较少,林下经济对其收入的贡献不高。林区的社会化服务体系基本没有建成,职工住户对社会化服务的需求受供给主体缺乏而难以得到满足。政策建议:调查地块信息,制定发展规划;提高职工住户的组织化程度,加大林区社会化服务体系建设;制定并完善扶持林下经济发展的财政扶持政策体系;实行以下放林地的林下作物经营权为核心内容的国有林权改革。
The development of under-forest economy is an important industrial sustenance for economic restructuring in the areas of great and small Xing’an Mountains with the reduction of timber output. In this paper, stratified random sampling method was used to survey 301 households living in mountain forest farms in 7 forestry bureaus (counties) in Xingshan Mountains. The survey results show that although the tenants of workers and staff occupy more woodland, the investment in economic production under the forest is less, and the investment in capital is less, and the contribution of the under-forest economy to their income is not high. The socialized service system in the forest area has basically not been completed, and the demand of the socialized service by the staff and workers in households is hard to be satisfied due to the lack of supply entities. Policy recommendations: Investigate the plots of information and formulate development plans; improve the organizational level of workers and residents, increase the social service system in the forest; formulate and improve the financial support policy system that supports the economic development of the forest; State-owned forest tenure reform as the core content.