融雪期土壤由于受到融雪径流、冻融作用及未完全解冻层影响,细沟发育有别于降雨期。基于野外实地测量,对东北典型黑土区横垄坡面融雪期细沟侵蚀形态及空间分布进行分析。结果表明,横垄坡面融雪侵蚀产生的细沟主要为顺垄型、断垄型和复合型三种。顺垄型细沟平均长度和宽度较大,深度小于其他两种类型;断垄型细沟平均长度最小且变异程度最低、深度最大;复合型细沟平均长度最大、宽度最小。均匀坡面下部细沟侵蚀量最大,占坡面总量的85%,形态以顺垄型和断垄型细沟为主;坡面中部存在起伏区域,低洼处细沟侵蚀量最大,占坡面总量的64%,三种类型细沟均有发育。融雪期细沟发育的形态受微地形及未完全解冻层等因素影响,细沟分布则主要受坡位及融雪径流量等因素影响。 The snowmelt period was affected by snowmelt runoff, freeze-thaw and incomplete defrosting. The development of the rill differs from the rainfall period. Based on field measurements, the morphology and spatial distribution of rill erosion in the ridge and ridge of a typical black soil area in northeastern China were analyzed. The results show that the rill erosion caused by ridge and ridge on the ridge is mainly of the following types: cis-ridge type, fault-ridge type and compound type. The average length and width of the cistern-type rills are larger and the depth is smaller than the other two types. The average length of the broken-type rills is the smallest and the variation degree is the lowest, the depth is the largest. The average length of the composite type rills is the largest and the width is the smallest. The rill erosion in the lower part of the uniform slope is the largest, accounting for 85% of the total slope, and the patterns are mainly cis-ridge type and fault-type rill. There are undulating regions in the middle part of the slope and the rill erosion in the low- 64% of the total surface, all three types of rills are developed. The morphology of rill development in the snowmelt period was affected by such factors as microtopography and incomplete thawing, and the distribution of the rill was mainly affected by slope position and snowmelt runoff.