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指令再审性质上是一种审判监督机制,支撑该制度的基础主要是司法系统的等级构造、实质正义的诉讼观、“自治”的审判监督观、“两难”的司法效率观、集体责任的司法机制。现行指令再审的制度设计暴露出深层次的病理,实践效果并不理想,而且诸多程序问题没有得到明确规范。制度改革的方向应当是废除其中有悖于诉讼法理的制度因素,保留可能发生积极效果且设计合理的制度安排,从制度上控制和保证指令再审发生的合理性,并对其程序问题进行规范完善。
The nature of the order retrial is a kind of trial supervision mechanism. The foundation for supporting this system is mainly the hierarchy of the judicial system, the concept of substantive justice, the concept of trial supervision of “autonomy”, the concept of judicial efficiency of “dilemma” Judicial system of collective responsibility. The design of the current instruction retrial system exposes deep pathology, the practical effect is not ideal, and many procedural issues have not been clearly regulated. The direction of system reform should be to abolish the institutional factors which are contrary to the procedural jurisprudence, to retain institutional arrangements that may have a positive effect and reasonable design, to control and ensure the rationality of the retrial of the directives systematically, and to regulate and perfect the procedural issues .