对河流系统中的水流、泥沙运动与河床演变的自组织结构和过程作了初步的探讨，运用分形、混沌和耗散结构理论分析结构形成和演变的机制，评述了国内外关于河流形态分形研究的有关成果，提出了我们的一些设想和建议。 This paper makes a preliminary discussion on the self-organization structure and process of water flow, sediment movement and riverbed evolution in the river system, and analyzes the mechanism of formation and evolution of the structure by using fractal, chaos and dissipative structure theory. Relevant achievements of the study put forward some of our ideas and suggestions.